{"id":103935,"date":"2023-04-12T00:29:28","date_gmt":"2023-04-11T22:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/what-is-the-history-of-pharmaceutical-bottle-droppers\/"},"modified":"2026-10-26T10:34:56","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T10:34:56","slug":"aka-je-historia-kvapkadiel-na-farmaceutickych-flastickach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/what-is-the-history-of-pharmaceutical-bottle-droppers\/","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u00e1 je hist\u00f3ria kvapkadiel na farmaceutick\u00fdch f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dk\u00e1ch?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Farmaceutick\u00e9 kvapkadlo na f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dke sa vyv\u00edjalo po\u010das dev\u00e4tn\u00e1steho a dvadsiateho storo\u010dia z jednoduchej my\u0161lienky: sklenenej r\u00farky s pru\u017enou gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkou, ktor\u00e1 natiahne a uvo\u013en\u00ed mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1 kvapaliny. Stalo sa \u0161tandardn\u00fdm uz\u00e1verom pre lieky, tinkt\u00fary a o\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky, ke\u010f skl\u00e1rstvo, technol\u00f3gia gumy a lek\u00e1rensk\u00e1 prax dosiahli ur\u010dit\u00fa \u00farove\u0148.<\/p>\n<h2>Pred kvapkadlom<\/h2>\n<p>Pred vznikom \u00fa\u010delov\u00fdch kvapkadiel sa kvapaliny odmeriavali ly\u017eicami, mal\u00fdmi odmern\u00fdmi poh\u00e1rikmi a po\u010d\u00edtan\u00edm kvapiek vylievan\u00fdch z hrdla f\u013ea\u0161e. Bolo to nepresn\u00e9. Lek\u00e1rnici potrebovali sp\u00f4soby, ako pod\u00e1va\u0165 mal\u00e9, opakovate\u013en\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch tekut\u00fdch pr\u00edpravkov, a my\u0161lienka pou\u017eitia sklenenej r\u00farky ako riadenej pipety bola zn\u00e1ma u\u017e z laborat\u00f3rnej pr\u00e1ce, kde sa r\u00farky plnili nasat\u00edm alebo uzavret\u00edm horn\u00e9ho konca prstom.<\/p>\n<h2>Guma a stla\u010dite\u013en\u00e1 gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dka<\/h2>\n<p>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm v\u00fdvojom bola pru\u017en\u00e1 gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dka, ktor\u00e1 dok\u00e1zala vytvori\u0165 podtlak bez \u00fast pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea. \u0160ir\u0161ia dostupnos\u0165 vulkanizovanej gumy v dev\u00e4tn\u00e1stom storo\u010d\u00ed umo\u017enila trvanliv\u00e9, pru\u017en\u00e9 gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dky. Po pripojen\u00ed k sklenenej r\u00farke umo\u017enila gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dka natiahnu\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00e9 mno\u017estvo kvapaliny a pomaly ho uvo\u013eni\u0165. Tento dizajn je rozpoznate\u013en\u00fd dodnes a roz\u0161\u00edril sa do lek\u00e1rn\u00ed a dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, ke\u010f sa lieky za\u010dali pred\u00e1va\u0165 v men\u0161\u00edch zna\u010dkov\u00fdch f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<h2>Za\u010dlenenie kvapkadla do f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dky<\/h2>\n<p>Spo\u010diatku sa samostatn\u00e1 pipeta mohla uchov\u00e1va\u0165 ved\u013ea f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dky. \u010casom sa kvapkadlo stalo s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou uz\u00e1veru. Uz\u00e1ver naskrutkovan\u00fd na hrdlo f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dky dr\u017eal pipetu a gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dku pohromade, tak\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e mal jednu \u00fah\u013eadn\u00fa zostavu. Z\u00fa\u017een\u00fd alebo gu\u013eat\u00fd sklenen\u00fd hrot, tvarovan\u00fd na vytv\u00e1ranie pravideln\u00fdch kvapiek, sa stal \u0161tandardn\u00fdm dizajnom. Pre svetlocitliv\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky sa za\u010dali pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dky z jant\u00e1rov\u00e9ho skla a kombin\u00e1cia jant\u00e1rovej f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dky a kvapkadla zostala zn\u00e1mym obrazom lek\u00e1rne.<\/p>\n<h2>Modern\u00fd v\u00fdvoj<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Syntetick\u00e9 elastom\u00e9ry, ako NBR a TPE, nahradili v mnoh\u00fdch gumi\u010dk\u00e1ch pr\u00edrodn\u00fa gumu, \u010d\u00edm sa zlep\u0161ila konzistentnos\u0165 a chemick\u00e1 odolnos\u0165.<\/li>\n<li>Plastov\u00e9 uz\u00e1very vr\u00e1tane t\u00fdch s pe\u010da\u0165ou proti otvoreniu a detskou poistkou pridali bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 prvky.<\/li>\n<li>Deliace pipety s potla\u010den\u00fdmi alebo laserom vytvoren\u00fdmi zna\u010dkami umo\u017enili pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom vidie\u0165 natiahnut\u00fd objem.<\/li>\n<li>\u0160tandardizovan\u00e9 typy hrdiel, ako DIN18, u\u013eah\u010dili kombinovanie f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010diek a kvapkadiel z r\u00f4znych v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch liniek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Pre\u010do sa dizajn udr\u017eal<\/h2>\n<p>Kvapkadlo pretrv\u00e1va, preto\u017ee je lacn\u00e9, jednoduch\u00e9 a spo\u013eahliv\u00e9. Nepotrebuje energiu, d\u00e1 sa vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 vo ve\u013ekom a prisp\u00f4sobuje sa mnoh\u00fdm kvapalin\u00e1m od vodn\u00fdch roztokov po oleje. Jeho obmedzen\u00edm je, \u017ee ve\u013ekos\u0165 kvapky z\u00e1vis\u00ed od viskozity a tvaru hrotu, tak\u017ee nejde o presn\u00fd merac\u00ed pr\u00edstroj. Pri kvapalin\u00e1ch vy\u017eaduj\u00facich presn\u00e9 d\u00e1vkovanie sa \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa peror\u00e1lne strieka\u010dky alebo in\u00e9 meracie pom\u00f4cky a pokyny poskytuje etiketa alebo lek\u00e1rnik.<\/p>\n<h2>F\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dky s kvapkadlom v modern\u00fdch produktoch<\/h2>\n<p>Dnes sa f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dka s kvapkadlom pou\u017e\u00edva \u010faleko za hranicami tradi\u010dn\u00fdch liekov. Kozmetick\u00e9 zna\u010dky ju vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na s\u00e9ra a ple\u0165ov\u00e9 oleje, v\u00fdrobcovia doplnkov na tekut\u00e9 vitam\u00edny a v\u00fdrobcovia CBD oleja a esenci\u00e1lnych olejov na svoje tinkt\u00fary. Ka\u017ed\u00fd sektor m\u00e1 vlastn\u00e9 predpisy pre ozna\u010dovanie, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 uz\u00e1very a materi\u00e1ly, no z\u00e1kladn\u00fd komponent sa tvarom sotva zmenil. Zmenil sa rozsah v\u00fdberu: \u010dierne alebo biele gumi\u010dky, farebn\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 uz\u00e1very, deliace pipety a uz\u00e1very s pe\u010da\u0165ou proti otvoreniu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa, aby produkt vyzeral a fungoval tak, ako si jeho v\u00fdrobca \u017eel\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<h3>Kto vyna\u0161iel kvapkadlo?<\/h3>\n<p>Neexistuje jedin\u00fd jasn\u00fd vyn\u00e1lezca. Kvapkadlo sa vyv\u00edjalo postupne z laborat\u00f3rnych pipiet a z dostupnosti gumov\u00fdch gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dok a mnoh\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy vznikli v lek\u00e1renskej a lek\u00e1rskej praxi.<\/p>\n<h3>Pre\u010do je hrot zaoblen\u00fd?<\/h3>\n<p>Hladk\u00fd hrot s gu\u013eat\u00fdm koncom sa bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie manipuluje a pom\u00e1ha vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 pravideln\u00e9 kvapky, pri\u010dom zni\u017euje riziko od\u0161tiepenia.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u00ed\u0161ia sa modern\u00e9 kvapkadl\u00e1 od star\u00fdch?<\/h3>\n<p>Princ\u00edp je rovnak\u00fd. Zlep\u0161ili sa materi\u00e1ly, tolerancie, uz\u00e1very a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 prvky.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fdber kvapkadiel pre v\u00e1\u0161 produkt<\/h2>\n<p>Dne\u0161n\u00e9 kvapkadl\u00e1 sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa rovnak\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00fd princ\u00edp s modern\u00fdmi materi\u00e1lmi a uz\u00e1vermi. Packaging.si montuje v Slovinsku kvapkadl\u00e1 DIN18 so sklenen\u00fdmi pipetami, gumi\u010dkami NBR alebo TPE a rozmanit\u00fdmi uz\u00e1vermi a dod\u00e1va zodpovedaj\u00face jant\u00e1rov\u00e9 f\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dky.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/kategoria-produktu\/flasticky-na-kvapkadla-din18-gl18\/\">F\u013ea\u0161ti\u010dky s kvapkadlom<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/kategoria-produktu\/kvapkadla-s-poistnym-kruzkom-te\/\">Kvapkadl\u00e1 s pe\u010da\u0165ou proti otvoreniu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/obchod\/\">Obchod<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The pharmaceutical bottle dropper developed over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries from a simple idea: a glass tube with a flexible bulb that draws up and releases small amounts of liquid. It grew into a standard closure for medicines, tinctures and eye preparations once glassmaking, rubber technology and pharmacy practice had all reached a certain&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":107647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[216],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-droppers-and-pipettes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103935","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=103935"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103935\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":901977,"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103935\/revisions\/901977"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/107647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=103935"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=103935"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packaging.si\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=103935"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}